The glomerulus has a restricted range of responses to injury, and it's useful to think of it on a spectrum with Proteinuria at one end, and Haematuria at the other. All the diseases a reasonable examiner could question you on can be localised on that spectrum. One of a series of videos about glomerular diseases, see The Spectrum of Glomerulonephritis for those, and the accompanying script.
Playlist:
Intro:
Proteinuria: White Stripes, One More Cup of Coffee (Bob Dylan): USA (Apple, Spotify)
Haematuria: Buena Vista Social Club, Deuda: CUBA (Apple, Spotify)
Minimal Change Nephropathy: Gnossienne III, Eric Satie (Aldo Ciccolini): FRANCE (Apple, Spotify)
FSGS: Souad Massi, Ya Kelbi: ALGERIA (Apple, Spotify)